spacecraft have used braking rockets ( retrorockets) to make soft landings and perform scientific operations on the lunar surface, between 19. Stamp with a drawing of the first soft landed probe Luna 9, next to the first view of the lunar surface photographed by the probe.Īfter the unsuccessful attempt by Luna 1 to land on the Moon in 1959, the Soviet Union performed the first hard Moon landing – "hard" meaning the spacecraft intentionally crashes into the Moon – later that same year with the Luna 2 spacecraft, a feat the U.S. 16 Landings on moons of other Solar System bodies.15 21st century uncrewed soft landings and attempts.14.10 Manfred Memorial Moon Mission (Luxemburg).14 Late 20th century–Early 21st century uncrewed crash landings.13.5 Other aspects of the successful Apollo landings.12 Soviet circumlunar loop flights (1967–1970).10 Soviet lunar orbit satellites (1966–1974).
9 Transition from direct ascent landings to lunar orbit operations. 7 Soviet uncrewed soft landings (1966–1976). 5 Early Soviet uncrewed lunar missions (1958–1965). All soft landings took place on the near side of the Moon until 3 January 2019, when the Chinese Chang'e 4 spacecraft made the first landing on the far side of the Moon. The United States is the only country to have successfully conducted crewed missions to the Moon, with the last departing the lunar surface in December 1972. landings between 19, and numerous uncrewed landings, with no soft landings happening between 22 August 1976 and 14 December 2013. The United States' Apollo 11 was the first crewed mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2, on 13 September 1959. This includes both crewed and robotic missions. Ī Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. An estimated 500 million people worldwide watched this event, the largest television audience for a live broadcast at that time. Still frame from a video transmission, taken moments before Neil Armstrong became the first human to step onto the surface of the Moon, at 02:56 UTC on 21 July 1969.
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